1 - Investigation of Fracture Depth of Al/Cu Bimetallic Sheet in Single Point Incremental Forming Process https://ijmf.shirazu.ac.ir/article_5194.html 10.22099/ijmf.2018.30564.1109 1 Single point incremental sheet forming (SPISF) has demonstrated significant potential to form complex sheet metal parts without using component-specific tools and is suitable for fabricating low-volume functional sheet metal parts economically. In the SPIF process, a ball nose tool moves along a predefined tool path to form the sheet. This work aims to optimize the formability and forming forces of Al/Cu bimetal sheet formed by the single-point incremental forming process. Two levels of tool diameter, step size, tool path and sheet arrangement were considered as the input process parameters. The process parameters influential in the formability and forming forces have been identified using the statistical tool (response table, main effect plot and ANOVA). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to indicate potential differences among the means of variables by testing the amount of population within each sample, which enabled it to show the effects of input variables on output ones. A multi response optimization was conducted to find the optimum values for input parameters by response surface methodology (RSM), and the confirmatory experiment revealed the reliability of RSM for this approach. 0 - 2 15 - - A. Gheysarian Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran Iran ahmad.gheysarian@gmail.com - - M Honarpisheh Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran Iran honarpishe@kashanu.ac.ir Incremental sheet forming Bimetal sheet Fracture depth ANOVA Forming Force [1] J. Jeswiet, D. Adams, M. Doolan, T. McAnulty, P. Gupta, Single point and asymmetric incremental forming, Advances in Manufacturing, 3 (2015) 253-262.##[2] J. Jeswiet, E. Hagan, and A. Szekeres, Forming parameters for incremental forming of aluminium alloy sheet metal, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture, 216 (2002) 1367-1371.##[3] M.B. Silva, P. Teixeira, A. Reis, P.A.F. Martins, On the formability of hole-flanging by incremental sheet forming, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications, 227 (2013) 91-99.##[4] L. Montanari, VA. Cristino, MB. Silva, P.A.F. Martins, On the relative performance of hole-flanging by incremental sheet forming and conventional press-working, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications, 228 (2014) 312-322.##[5] G. Ambrogio, L. Filice, G.L. Manco, Warm Incremental forming of magnesium alloy az31, CIRP Annals-Manufacturing Technology, 57 (2008) 257-260.##[6] G.L. Manco, G. Ambrogio, Influence of Thickness on Formability in 6082-T6, International Journal of Material Forming, 3 (2010) 983-986.##[7] M.J. Mirnia, B. Mollaei Dariani, H. Vanhove, J.R. Duflou, An Investigation into thickness distribution in single point incremental forming using sequential limit analysis, International Journal of Material Forming, 7 (2014) 469-477.##[8] E. Hagan, J. Jeswiet, Analysis of surface roughness for parts formed by computer numerical controlled incremental forming, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B, Journal of Engineering Manufacture, 218 (2004) 1307-1312.##[9] L. Fratini, G. Ambrogio, R. Di. Lorenzo, L. Filice, F. Micari, Influence of mechanical properties of the sheet material on formability in single point incremental forming, CIRP Annals-Manufacturing Technology, 53 (2004) 207-210.##[10] H. Iseki, An approximate deformation analysis and fem analysis for the incremental bulging of sheet metal using a spherical roller, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 111 (2001) 150-154.##[11] H. Iseki, T. Naganawa, Vertical wall surface forming of rectangular shell using multistage incremental forming with spherical and cylindrical rollers, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 130 (2002) 675-679.##[12] L. Filice, L. Fratini, F. Micari, Analysis of material formability in incremental forming, CIRP Annals-Manufacturing Technology, 51 (2002) 199-202.##[13] A. Attanasio, E. Ceretti, C. Giardini, Optimization of tool path in two points incremental forming, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 177 (2006) 409-412.##[14] D. Young, J. Jeswiet, Wall thickness variations in single-point incremental forming, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture, 218 (2004) 1453-1459.##[15] G. Hussain, L. Gao, ZY. Zhang, Formability evaluation of a pure titanium sheet in the cold incremental forming process, The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 37 (2008) 920-926.##[16] K. Hamilton, J. Jeswiet, Single point incremental forming at high feed rates and rotational speeds: Surface and structural consequences, CIRP annals, 59 (2010) 311-314.##[17] S. Kurra, S. Regalla, A. K. Gupta, Parametric study and multi-objective optimization in single-point incremental forming of extra deep drawing steel sheets, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture, 230 (2016) 825-837.##[18] W. Bao, X. Chu, S. Lin, J. Gao, Experimental investigation on formability and microstructure of Az31b alloy in electropulse-assisted incremental forming, Materials & Design, 87 (2015) 632-639.##[19] K. Suresh, S. P. Regalla, Analysis of formability in single point incremental forming using finite element simulations, Procedia materials science, 6 (2014) 430-435.##[20] R. Senthil, A. Gnanavelbabu, Numerical analysis on formability of Az61a magnesium alloy by incremental forming, Procedia Engineering, 97 (2014) 1975-1982.##[21] V. Mugendirana, A. Gnanavelbabub, Comparison of Fld and thickness distribution on Aa5052 luminium alloy formed parts by incremental forming process, Procedia Engineering, 97 (2014) 1983-1990.##[22] T. McAnulty, J. Jeswiet, M. Doolan, Formability in single point incremental forming: a comparative analysis of the state of the art, CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology, 16 (2017) 43-54.##[23] EH. Uheida, GA. Oosthuizen, D. Dimitrov, Investigating the impact of tool velocity on the process conditions in incremental forming of titanium sheets, Procedia Manufacturing, 7 (2017) 345-350.##[24] D. Afonso, R. A. de. Sousa, R. Torcato, Incremental Forming of Tunnel Type Parts, Procedia Engineering, 183 (2017) 137-142.##[25] M. Honarpisheh, J. Niksokhan, F. Nazari, Investigation of the effects of cold rolling on the mechanical properties of explosively-welded Al/St/Al multilayer sheet, Metallurgical Research & Technology, 113 (2016) 105.##[26] M. Sedighi, J. Joudaki, H. Kheder, Residual Stresses Due to Roll Bending of Bi-Layer Al-Cu Sheet: Experimental and analytical investigations, The Journal of Strain Analysis for Engineering Design, 52 (2017) 102-111.##[27] M. Honarpisheh, M. Asemabadi, M. Sedighi, Investigation of annealing treatment on the interfacial properties of explosive-welded Al/Cu/Al multilayer, Materials & Design, 37 (2012) 122-127.##[28] M. Sedighi, M. Honarpisheh, Experimental study of through-depth residual stress in explosive welded Al–Cu–Al multilayer, Materials & Design, 37 (2012) 577-581.##[29] M. Asemabadi, M. Sedighi, M. Honarpisheh, Investigation of cold rolling influence on the mechanical properties of explosive-welded Al/Cu bimetal, Materials Science and Engineering: A, 558 (2012) 144-149.##[30] M. Honarpisheh, M. Dehghani, E. Haghighat, Investigation of mechanical properties of Al/Cu strip produced by equal channel angular rolling, Procedia materials science, 11 (2015) 1-5.##[31] M. R. Sakhtemanian, M. Honarpisheh, S. Amini, numerical and experimental study on the layer arrangement in the incremental forming process of explosive-welded low-carbon steel/Cp-titanium bimetal sheet, The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 95 (2018) 3781-396.##[32] M. Honarpisheh, A. Gheysarian, An experimental study on the process parameters of incremental forming of explosively-welded Al/Cu bimetal, Journal of Computational & Applied Research in Mechanical Engineering (JCARME), 7 (2017) 73-83##[33] M. Honarpisheh, M. M. Jobedar, I. Alinaghian, Multi-response optimization on single-point incremental forming of hyperbolic shape Al-1050/Cu bimetal using response surface methodology, The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 96 (2018) 3069-3080.## [34] M. Honarpisheh, M. Keimasi, I. Alinaghian, Numerical and experimental study on incremental forming process of Al/Cu bimetals: Influence of process parameters on the forming force, dimensional accuracy and thickness variations, Journal of Mechanics of Materials and Structures, 13 (2018) 35-51.##[35] M. R. Sakhtemanian, S. Amini, M. Honarpisheh, Simulation and investigation of mechanical and geometrical properties of St/CP-titanium bimetal sheet during the single point incremental forming process, Iranian Journal of Materials Forming, 5 (2018) 1-18.##[36] M. R. Sakhtemanian, M. Honarpisheh, S. Amini, A novel material modeling technique in the single-point incremental forming assisted by the ultrasonic vibration of low carbon steel/commercially pure titanium bimetal sheet, The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, (2018) http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00170-018-3148-6.##

1 - Microstructure and its Relationship to Mechanical Properties in Equal Channel Angular Rolled Al6061 Alloy Sheets https://ijmf.shirazu.ac.ir/article_5195.html 10.22099/ijmf.2019.31820.1118 1 Equal channel angular rolling (ECAR) is a severe plastic deformation (SPD) technique which has been used to produce metal sheets with ultra-fine grain structure. In the present work, the relationships between the mechanical properties and microstructure of samples during the ECAR process have been investigated. The Rietveld method was applied to analyze the X-ray diffraction pattern and to determine the microstructural characteristics including the crystallite size, microstrain, and dislocation density. It was observed that the average crystallite size and dislocation density increased by increasing the strain during the ECAR process. The results showed that ECAR is a procedure intended to obtain meaningful structural refinement appearing in a crystallite. It can be justified by using Taylor equation that the mechanical properties are related to the dislocation density. The ECAR process strongly increases the yield strength and microhardness due to an increase in the dislocation density over a wide range of strain. 0 - 16 23 - - M Mahmoodi School of Mechanical Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran Iran mahmoodi@profs.semnan.ac.ir - - A Naderi School of Mechanical Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran Iran alinaderi333@gmail.com ECAR X-ray diffraction Rietveld method Dislocation density Al6061 [1] A. Azushima, R. Kopp, A. Korhonen, Severe plastic deformation (SPD) processes for metals, CIRP Ann, 2008; 57: 716–735.##[2] R. N. Chari, B. M. Dariani, A. F. Arezodar, Numerical and experimental studies on deforamion behavior of 5083 aluminum alloy strips in equal channel angular rolling, Proc Inst Mec Eng, B J Eng Manuf , 2016, https://doi.org.##[3] M. H. Farshidi, M. Kazeminezhad, The effects of die geometry in tube channel pressing: Severe plastic deformation, Proc Inst Mech Eng, L J Mater Des Appl, 2016; 230 (1): 263–272.##[4] M. Mahmoodi, M. Sedighi, D.A. Tanner, Experimental study of process parameters' effect on surface residual stress magnitudes in equal channel angular rolled aluminum alloys, Proc Inst Mech Eng, B J Eng Manuf , 2012; 34: 483–487.##[5] M. Mahmoodi A. Naderi, Applicability of artificial neural network and nonlinear regression to predict mechanical properties of equal channel angular rolled Al5083 sheets, Lat Am j solids struct, 2014; 228: 1592–1598.##[6] M. Honarpisheh, E. Haghighat, M. Kotobi, Investigation of residual stress and mechanical propeties of equal channel angular rolled St12 strips, Proc Inst Mech Eng, L J Mater Des Appl, 2016. DOI: 10.1177/1464420716652436.##[7] J. C. Lee, H. K. Seok, J. Y. Suh, Microstructural evolutions of the Al strip prepared by cold rolling and continuous equal channel angular pressing, Acta Mater, 2002; 50: 4005–4019.##[8] Y. H. Chung, J. W. Park, K.H. Lee, An Analysis of Accumulated Deformation in the Equal Channel Angular Rolling (ECAR) Process, Metal and Material International, 2006; 12: 289-292.##[9] Y. H. Chung, J. W. Park, K. H. Lee, Controlling the Thickness Uniformity in Equal Channel Angular Rolling (ECAR), Mater. Sci. Forum, 2007; 539: 2872–2877.##[10] Y. Q. Cheng, Z. H. Chen, W.J. Xia, Improvement of drawability at room temperature in AZ31 magnesium alloy sheets processed by equal channel angular rolling, J Mater Eng Perform, 2008; 17: 15–19.##[11] Y. Q. Cheng, Z. H. Chen, W. J. Xia, Drawability of AZ31 magnesium alloy sheet produced by equal channel angular rolling at room temperature, Mater, Charact, 2007; 58: 617–622.##[12] A. Habibi, M. Ketabchi, Enhanced properties of nano-grained pure copper by equal channel angular rolling and post-annealing, Mater, 2012; 34: 483–487.##[13] M. Mahmoodi, A. Naderi, G. Dini, Correlation between structural parameters and mechanical properties of Al5083 sheets processed by ECAR, J Mater Eng Perform, 2017; 26: 6022–6027.##[14] M. Kotobi, M. Honarpisheh, Uncertainty analysis of residual stress measured by slitting method in equal-channel angular rolled Al-1060 strips, J Strain Anal Eng Des, 2016; 52 (2): 83-92.##[15] M. Mahmoodi, S. Lohrasbi, Investigation of residual stresses distribution in equal channel angular rolled aluminum alloy by means of the slitting method, J Strain Anal Eng Des, 2017; 52 (6): 389-396.##[16] N. Anjabin, A.K. Taheri, Physically based material model for evolution of stress–strain behavior of heat treatable aluminum alloys during solution heat treatment, Mater Des, 2010; 31: 433–437.##[17] J. Gubicza, N. Q. Chinh, Z. Horita, Effect of Mg addition on microstructure and mechanical properties of aluminum, Mater Sci Eng, A, 2004; 387-389: 55–59.##[18] J. Gubicza, N. Q. Chinh, J. L. Labar, Correlation between microstructure and mechanical properties of severely deformed metals, J Alloys Compd, 2009; 483: 271–274.##[19] V. M. Segal, Materials processing by simple shear, Materials Science and Engineering A, 1995; 197: 157-164.##[20] L. Lutterotti, Total pattern fitting for the combined size-strain-stress-texture determination in thin film diffraction, Nucl Instrum Methods Phys Res, Sect B, 2010; 268: 334–340.##[21] P. Sahu, M. De, S. Kajiwara, Microstructural characterization of stress-induced martensites evoluted at low temperature in deformed powders of Fe-Mn-C alloys by Rietveld method, J Alloys Compd, 2002; 346: 158–169.##[22] G. Dini, A. Najafizadeh, S. M. Monir-Vaghefi, Grain size effect on the martensite formation in a high-manganese TWIP steel by the Rietveld method, J Mater Sci Technol, 2010; 26: 181–186.##[23] M. R. Rezaei, M. R. Toroghinead, F. Ashrafizadeh, Production of nano-grained structure in 6061 aluminum alloy strip by accumulative roll bonding, Mater Sci Eng, A, 2011; 529: 442–446.##[24] M. Mahmoodi, The effect of ECAR parameters on residual stresses and mechanical-microstructural properties of Al sheets, PhD Thesis, Iran University of Science and Technology, Iran, 2011.##[25] M. Janecek, J. Cizek, M. Dopita, Mechanical properties and microstructure development of ultrafine-grained Cu processed by ECAP, Mater Sci Forum, 2008; 584–586: 440–445.##[26] J. Tu, T. Zhou, L. Liu, L. Shi, Effect of rolling speeds on texture modification and mechanical properties of the AZ31 sheet by a combination of equal channel angular rolling and continuous bending at high temperature, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2018; 768: 598-607.##[27] T. Kvackaj, A. Kovacova, R. Kocisko, Microstructure evolution and mechanical performance of copper processed by equal channel angular rolling, Materials Characterization, 2017; 134: 246–252.##[28] J. Gubicza, N. Q. Chinh, T. G. Langdon, Microstructure and strength of metals processed by severe plastic deformation, Ultrafine Grained Materials IV, 2006; 231–236.##[29] N. Hansen, X. Huang, Microstructure and flow stress of polycrystals and single crystals, Acta Mater, 1998; 46: 1827–1836.##[30] Z. Y. Zhong, H. G. Brokmeier, W. M. Gan, Dislocation density evaluation of AA7020-T6 investigated by in-situ synchrotron diffraction under tensile load, Mater Charact, 2015; 108: 124–131.##[31] Y. Miyajima, S. Okubo, H. Abe, Dislocation density of pure copper processed by accumulative roll bonding and equal channel angular pressing, Mater Charact, 2015; 104: 101–106.##[32] W. J. Kim, J. K. Kim, T. Y. Park, S. I. Hong, D. I. Kim, Y. S. Kim, J. D. Lee, Enhancement of Strength and Superplasticity in a 6061 Al Alloy Processed by Equal-Channel-Angular-Pressing, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, 2002; 33A: 3155.##

1 - Investigation of Ca in the Microstructural Evolution and Porosity Analysis of ZK60 Alloy in As-Cast and Extruded Conditions https://ijmf.shirazu.ac.ir/article_5193.html 10.22099/ijmf.2019.22884.1067 1 This research work has been carried out to study the effect of different Ca contents (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 3.0) on the microstructure and porosity content of ZK60 alloys. The samples were examined by using optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to evaluate the modification efficiency of the alloy with different Ca concentrations. The cast specimens were modified, homogenized and extruded at 350 °C at an extrusion ratio of 12:1. The experimental results showed that the addition of Ca brings about the precipitation of a new phase and reﬁnes the as-cast grains. It was also found that the presence of Ca at higher concentrations (>2 wt. %) results in the formation of hard Ca-rich intermetallics segregated in cell boundaries. Hot-extrusion was found to be powerful in breaking the eutectic network and changing the size and morphology of Ca-rich intermetallic phase. By applying the extrusion process and increasing Ca concentration (up to 2.0 wt. %), the porosity percentage decreased from 13.62% to 6.34% and 7.11% to 3.89% for ZK60 and ZK60+3%Ca alloys, respectively. 0 - 24 31 - - S. Moradnezhad Imam Khomeini International, University, Qazvin, Qazvin, Iran Iran samiraa_moradnezhad@yahoo.com - - A. Razaghian Imam Khomeini International, University, Qazvin, Qazvin, Iran Iran - - M. Emamy School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Iran - - R. Taghiabadi Imam Khomeini International, University, Qazvin, Qazvin, Iran Iran ZK60 alloy Microstructures Ca addition Extrusion [1] K. Yu, W. Li, J. Zhao, Z. Ma, R. Wang, Plastic deformation behaviors of a Mg–Ce–Zn–Zr alloy, Scripta Materialia, 48 (2003) 1319-1323.##[2] A. Lou, M. O. Pekguleryuz, J. Mater, Cast magnesium alloys for elevated temperature applications, Journal of Materials Science, 29 (1994) 5259–5271.##[3] B. L. Mordike, T. Ebert, Magnesium properties-applications-potential, Materials Science and Engineering, A 302 (2001) 37-45.##[4] A. Sanschagrin, R. Tremblay, R. Angers, Mechanical properties and microstructure of new magnesium-lithium base alloys, Materials Science and Engineering, A 220 (1996) 69-77.##[5] I. J. Polmear, Magnesium alloys and applications, Materials Science and Technology, 10 (1994) 1-16.##[6] I. J. Polmear, Recent Developments in Light Alloys, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions, JIM 37 (1996) 12.##[7] F. S. Pan, J. Zhang, J. F. Wang, M. B. Yang, e. H. Han, R. S. Chen, Key R&D activities for development of new types of wrought magnesium alloys in China, Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 20 (2010) 1249-1258.##[8] H. T. Zhou, Z. D. Zhang, C. M. Liu, Q. W. Wang, Effect of Nd and Y on the microstructure and mechanical properties of ZK60 alloy, Materials Science and Engineering, A 445–446 (2007) 1-6.##[9] M. A. Chunjiang, L. Manping, W. U. Guohua, D. Wengjiang, Z.H.U. Yanping, Tensile properties of extruded ZK60–RE alloys, Materials Science and Engineering, A 349 (2003) 207–212.##[10] C. J. Bettles, M. A. Gibson, Current wrought magnesium alloys, Strengths and weaknesses. JOM 57 (2005) 46-49.##[11] M. Vogel, O. Kraft, E. Arzt, Effect of Ca additions on the creep behavior of magnesium die-cast alloy ZA85, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions, A 36 (2005) 1713–1719.##[12] P. M. Jardim, G. Solorzano, J. B. Vander Sande, Second phase formation in melt-spun Mg-Ca-Zn alloys, Materials Science and Engineering, A 381 (2004) 196–205.##[13] D. W. Kim, B. C. Suh, M. S. Shim, J. H. Bae, D. H. Kim, N. Kim, Texture Evolution in Mg-Zn-Ca Alloy Sheets, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, 44 (2013) 2950–2961.##[14] M. Yuasa, N. Miyazawa, M. Hayashi, M. Mabuchi, Y. Chino, Effects of group II elements on the cold stretch formability of Mg-Zn alloys , Acta Materialia, 83 (2015) 294–303.##[15] Y. Chino, X. S. Huang, K. Suzuki, M. Mabuchi, Inﬂuence of aluminum content on the texture and sheet formability of AM series magnesium alloys, Materials Science and Engineering A, 633 (2015) 144-153.##[16] A. Luo, A. Sachdev, Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Magnesium-Aluminum-Manganese Cast Alloys, International Journal of Metal casting, 4(2010) 51–59.##[17] Erenilton Pereira da Silva; Larissa Fernandes Batista; Bruna Callegari; Ricardo Henrique Buzolin; Fernando Warchomicka; Guillermo Carlos Requena; Pedro Paiva Brito; Haroldo Cavalcanti Pinto, Solution and ageing heat treatments of ZK60 magnesium alloys with rare earth additions produced by semi-solid casting, Materials Research, 17 (2014) 1516-1439.##[18] M. Paliwal, I. H. Jung, J. Microstructural evolution in Mg–Zn alloys during solidification: An experimental and simulation study, Journal of Crystal Growth, 394 (2014) 28–38.##[19] M. Mezbahul-Islam, A. O. Mostafa, M. Medraj, Essential Magnesium Alloys Binary Phase Diagrams and Their Thermochemical Data, Journal of Materials, (2014).##[20] P. Ghosh, M. Mezbahul-Islam, M. Medraj, Critical assessment and thermodynamic modeling of Mg–Zn, Mg–Sn, Sn–Zn and Mg–Sn–Zn systems, Calphad, 36 (2012) 28–43.##[21] X. Gao, J. F. Nie, Scr. Structure and thermal stability of primary intermetallic particles in an Mg–Zn casting alloy, Scripta Materialia, 57 (2007) 655–658.##

1 - Plastic Deformation Characteristics of Continuous Confined Strip Shearing Process Considering the Deformation Homogeneity and Damage Accumulation https://ijmf.shirazu.ac.ir/article_5196.html 10.22099/ijmf.2019.29949.1103 1 In the present investigation, two dimensional elastoplastic finite element analysis was conducted to assess the deformation characteristics of Al 1100 alloy during continuous confined strip shearing (C2S2) process. The results of simulations showed that the plastic strain distribution across the deformed sample is non-uniform irrespective of the amount of friction and C2S2 die angle. The most uniform distribution of equivalent strain is achieved when the friction coefficient and die angle are equal to 0.3 and 90˚ respectively. It was also observed that the maximum damage factor is located in the inner regions of the cross section of the plate similar to the conventional ECAP processing of soft materials with higher strain hardenability. According to a set of simulations, executed at different frictions and die angles, it was demonstrated that the safest condition is achieved during deformation with a friction coefficient of 0.3 and die angles of 90˚ and 110˚. Besides, the analysis of the equivalent strain rate pattern showed that the width of the deformation zone decreases by increasing the friction coefficient and decreasing the C2S2 die angle. 0 - 32 43 - - M. Shaban Ghazani Department of Materials Science Engineering, University of Bonab, Bonab, Iran Iran m_shaban@bonabu.ac.ir Finite Element Analysis C2S2 process Strain homogeneity Damage accumulation [1] T. Tanaka, Controlled rolling of steel plate and strip, International of Materials Reviews, 26 (1981) 185-212.##[2] H. Ding, N. Shen, Y. C. Shin, Predictive modeling of grain refinement during multi-pass cold rolling, J Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 212 (2012) 1003-1013.##[3] A. Salem, M. Glavicic, S. Semiatin, The effect of preheat temperature and inter-pass reheating on microstructure and texture evolution during hot rolling of Ti–6Al–4V, Materials Science and Engineering A, 496 (2008) 169-176.##[4] C. Zheng, N. Xiao, D. Li, Y. Li, Microstructure prediction of the austenite recrystallization during multi-pass steel strip hot rolling: A cellular automaton modeling, Computational Materials Science, 44 (2008) 507-514.##[5] A. P. Zhilyaev, T. G. Langdon, Using high-pressure torsion for metal processing: Fundamentals and applications, Progress in Materials Science, 53 (2008) 893-979.##[6] Y. Saito, H. Utsunomiya, N. Tsuji, T. Sakai, Novel ultra-high straining process for bulk materials—development of the accumulative roll-bonding (ARB) process, Acta Materialia, 47 (1999) 579-583.##[7] D. H. Shin, J. J. Park, Y. S. Kim, K. T. Park, Constrained groove pressing and its application to grain refinement of aluminum, Materials Science and Engineering A, 328 (2002) 98-103.##[8] Y. Iwahashi, J. Wang, Z. Horita, M. Nemoto, T. G. Langdon, Principle of equal-channel angular pressing for the processing of ultra-fine grained materials, Scripta Materialia, 35 (1996) 143-146.##[9] J. Xing, H. Soda, X. Yang, H. Miura, T. Sakai, Ultra-fine grain development in an AZ31 magnesium alloy during multi-directional forging under decreasing temperature conditions, Materials Transactions, 46 (2005) 1646-1650.##[10] G. Faraji, A. Babaei, M. M. Mashhadi, K. Abrinia, Parallel tubular channel angular pressing (PTCAP) as a new severe plastic deformation method for cylindrical tubes, Materials Letters, 77 (2012) 82-85.##[11] S. Fatemi-Varzaneh, A. Zarei-Hanzaki, Processing of AZ31 magnesium alloy by a new noble severe plastic deformation method, Materials Science and Engineering A, 528 (2011)1334-1339.##[12] N. Pardis, R. Ebrahimi, Deformation behavior in Simple Shear Extrusion (SSE) as a new severe plastic deformation technique, Materials Science and Engineering A, 527 (2009) 355-360.##[13] Q. Wang, Y. Chen, J. Lin, L. Zhang, C. Zhai, Microstructure and properties of magnesium alloy processed by a new severe plastic deformation method, Materials Letters, 61 (2007) 4599-4602.##[14] V. Segal, Slip line solutions, deformation mode and loading history during equal channel angular extrusion, Materials Science and Engineering A, 345 (2003) 36-46.##[15] Y. Miyahara, Z. Horita, T. G. Langdon, Exceptional superplasticity in an AZ61 magnesium alloy processed by extrusion and ECAP, Materials Science and Engineering A, 420 (2006) 240-244.##[16] X. Molodova, G. Gottstein, M. Winning, R. Hellmig, Thermal stability of ECAP processed pure copper, Materials Science and Engineering A, 460 (2007) 204-213.##[17] X. Zhao, X. Yang, X. Liu, X. Wang, T. G. Langdon, The processing of pure titanium through multiple passes of ECAP at room temperature, Materials Science and Engineering A, 527 (2010) 6335-6339.##[18] A. Zhilyaev, D. Swisher, K. Oh-Ishi, T. Langdon, T. McNelley, Microtexture and microstructure evolution during processing of pure aluminum by repetitive ECAP, Materials Science and Engineering A, 429 (2006) 137-148.##[19] S. Xu, G. Zhao, X. Ren, Y. Guan, Numerical investigation of aluminum deformation behavior in three-dimensional continuous confined strip shearing process, Materials Science and Engineering A, 476 (2008) 281-289.##[20] J. C. Lee, H. K. Seok, J. Y. Suh, Microstructural evolutions of the Al strip prepared by cold rolling and continuous equal channel angular pressing, Acta Materialia, 50 (2002) 4005-4019.##[21] W. Wei, W. Zhang, K. X. Wei, Y. Zhong, G. Cheng, J. Hu, Finite element analysis of deformation behavior in continuous ECAP process, Materials Science and Engineering A, 516 (2009) 111-118.##[22] V. P. 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1 - Flow Stress Modeling in a γ-γ/ Cobalt Base Superalloy by Using the Hyperbolic Sine Equation and ANN Method https://ijmf.shirazu.ac.ir/article_5200.html 10.22099/ijmf.2019.31538.1115 1 The new class of wrought γ-γ/ Co-base superalloys, which are based on Co-Al-W system, was developed by conventional hot working routes with a high volume fraction of γ/ precipitates and good mechanical properties. The aim of the present study was to predict the flow stress and hot deformation modeling of a novel γ-γ/ Co-base superalloy. The hot compression tests were carried out over a wide range of temperatures (950°C-1200°C) and strain rates (0.001s-1-1s-1). The flow stress analysis, constitutive approach and microstructure characterization revealed that dynamic recrystallization (DRX) occurred at a high temperature regime (1100°C-1200°C) but not at a low one (950°C-1050°C) due to the presence of γ/ precipitates. The hot deformation characteristic was studied using the hyperbolic sine equation on each of the above-mentioned regimes and the ANN approach on the overall conditions. The constitutive method indicated good potential for the prediction of the flow stress at each separated regime, but the ANN model represented a much more appropriate performance. The outstanding predictability of the ANN model regardless of the γ/ phase participation during the thermomechanical processing under the overall deformation conditions can be considered as another achievement of the proposed approach. 0 - 44 55 - - S. Ali Akbari Sani Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iran University of Sience and Technology, Tehran, Iran Iran saas.mk@gmail.com - - H. Arabi School of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Narmak, Tehran, Iran. Iran arabi@iust.ac.ir - - S. Kheirandish School of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Narmak, Tehran, Iran Iran r_ebrahimi2000@yahoo.com - - G.R. Ebrahimi Sabzevar, Iran Iran ebrahimi@hsu.ac.ir γ-γ/ Co-base superalloys Hot deformation modeling Flow stress prediction Hyperbolic sine equation ANN [1] J. Sato, T. Omori, K. Oikawa, I. Ohnuma, R. Kainuma and K. Ishida, Cobalt-Base High-Temperature Alloys, Science, 312 (2006) 90-91.##[2] T. Omori, K. Oikawa, J. Sato, I. Ohnuma, U. R. Kattner, R. Kainuma and K. J. I. Ishida, Partition behavior of alloying elements and phase transformation temperatures in Co–Al–W-base quaternary systems, 32 (2013) 274-283.##[3] S. Kobayashi, Y. Tsukamoto, T. Takasugi, H. Chinen, T. Omori, K. Ishida and S. J. I. Zaefferer, Determination of phase equilibria in the Co-rich Co–Al–W ternary system with a diffusion-couple technique, 17 (2009) 1085-1089.##[4] A. Bauer, S. Neumeier, F. Pyczak, R. Singer and M. 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1 - Anisotropy in Elastic Properties of Porous 316L Stainless Steel Due to the Shape and Regular Cell Distribution https://ijmf.shirazu.ac.ir/article_5199.html 10.22099/ijmf.2019.31703.1117 1 In this study, two-dimensional finite element modeling was used to study the simultaneous effect of the cell shape and regular cell distribution on the anisotropy of the elastic properties of 316L stainless steel foam. In this way, the uniaxial compressive stress-strain curve was predicted using a geometric model and fully solid 316L stainless steel. The results showed that the elastic tangent and the yield strength increase significantly if the direction of the loading is parallel to the major cell dimension. Besides, the regular cell distribution affects the above properties, and the sharp drop in the mechanical properties is observed when the maximum shear stress plane is parallel with the plane including higher cell density. In addition, the finite element modeling showed that the elastic properties of porous 316L stainless steel are anisotropic and the optimum conditions depend entirely on the shape of the cells and the loading direction in the regular cell distribution foam. 0 - 56 63 - - M. Mirzaee Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran Iran m_mirzaee1355@yahoo.com - - M.H. Paydar Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran Iran paaydar@shirazu.ac.ir Cell shape Regular cell distribution Anisotropy 316L stainless steel foam [1] E.A. Basir, K. Narooei, Simulation of Deformation Behavior of Porous Titanium Using Modified Gurson Yield Function, Iran. J. Mater. Form, 3 (2016) 26–38. doi:10.22099/IJMF.2016.3861.##[2] N. Bekoz, E. Oktay, Mechanical properties of low alloy steel foams: Dependency on porosity and pore size, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 576 (2013) 82–90. doi:10.1016/j.msea.2013.04.009.##[3] a.-H.H. Benouali, L. Froyen, T. 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1 - Modeling of Corrosion-Fatigue Crack Growth Rate Based on Least Square Support Vector Machine Technique https://ijmf.shirazu.ac.ir/article_5197.html 10.22099/ijmf.2019.31492.1113 1 Understanding crack growth behavior in engineering components subjected to cyclic fatigue loadings is necessary for design and maintenance purpose. Fatigue crack growth (FCG) rate strongly depends on the applied loading characteristics in a nonlinear manner, and when the mechanical loadings combine with environmental attacks, this dependency will be more complicated. Since, the experimental investigation of FCG behavior under various loading and environmental conditions is time-consuming and expensive, applying a reliable methodology for prediction of this property is essential. In this regard, a modeling technique based on least square support vector machine (LSSVM) framework is employed for prediction of FCG behavior of three different alloys including, Ti-6Al-4V alloy and two Cu-strengthened high strength low alloy (HSLA) steels in the air and corrosive media. The parameters of the developed model were calculated employing the coupled simulated annealing optimization technique. The performance and accuracy of the developed models were tested and validated by their ability to predict the experimental data. Statistical error analyses indicated that the developed model can satisfactorily represent the experimental data with high accuracy. 0 - 64 73 - - N. Anjabin Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Engineering , Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran Iran anjabin@shirazu.ac.ir - - F. 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