A comparative study on constitutive modeling of hot deformation flow curves in AZ91 magnesium alloy

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Birjand University of Technology, POBOX 97175-569, Birjand, Iran

2 Materials Engineering Department, Hakim Sabzevari University, POBOX 397, Sabzevar, Iran.

Abstract

Modeling the flow curves of materials at elevated temperatures is the first step in mathematical simulation of the hot deformation processes of them. In this work a comparative study was provided to examine the capability of three different constitutive equations in modeling the hot deformation flow curves of AZ91 magnesium alloy. For this, the Arrhenius equation with strain dependent constants, the exponential equation with strain dependent constants and a recently developed simple model (developed based on a power function of Zener-Hollomon parameter and a third order polynomial function of ε power a constant number) were examined. Root mean square error (RMSE) criterion was used to assess the modeling performance of the examined constitutive equations. Accordingly, it was found that the Arrhenius equation with strain dependent constants has the best performance for modeling the hot deformation flow curves of AZ91 magnesium alloy. The results can be further used in mathematical simulation of hot deformation manufacturing processes of tested alloy.

Keywords

References

 
[1] X. Xia, Q. Chen, J. Li, D. Shu, C. Hu, S. Huang and Z. Zhao, Characterization of hot deformation behavior of as-extruded Mg–Gd–Y–Zn–Zr alloy, J. Alloys Compd., 610 (2014) 203–211.
[2] K.U. Kainer, Magnesium—Alloys and Technology, Wiley-VCH, Germany (2003).
[3] I.J. Polmear, Light Alloys—From Traditional Alloys to Nanocrystals, Butterworth-Heinemann, United Kingdom (2006).
[4] S.E. Ion, F.J. Humphreys and S.H. White, Dynamic recrystallisation and the development of microstructure during the high temperature deformation of magnesium, Acta Metall., 30 (1982) 1909–1919.
[5] G.R. Johnson and W.H. Cook, A constitutive model and data for metals subjected to large strains, high strain rates and high temperatures. In: Proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on Ballistics, (1983) 541–543.
[6] A.S. Khan and S. Huang, Experimental and theoretical study of mechanical behavior of 1100 aluminum in the strain rate range 10−5−104s−1, Int. J. Plast., 8 (1992) 397–424.
[7] A. Abbasi-Bani, A. Zarei-Hanzaki, M.H. Pishbin and N. Haghdadi, A comparative study on the capability of Johnson–Cook and Arrhenius-type constitutive equations to describe the flow behavior of Mg–6Al–1Zn alloy, Mech. Mater., 71 (2014) 52-61.
[8] A. Molinari and G. Ravichandran, Constitutive modeling of high-strain-rate deformation in metals based on the evolution of an effective microstructural length, Mech. Mater., 37 (2005) 737–52.
[9] E. Voce, The relationship between stress and strain for homogeneous deformation, J. Inst. Metals., 74 (1948) 537–562.
[10] Y.C. Lin and X.M. Chen, A critical review of experimental results and constitutive descriptions for metals and alloys in hot working, Mater. Des., 32 (2011) 1733–1759.
[11] H. Shi, A.J. McLaren, C.M. Sellars, R. Shahani and R. Bolingbroke, Constitutive equations for high temperature flow stress of aluminium alloys, J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 13 (1997) 210-216.
[12] F.C. Ren, J. Chen and F. Chen, Constitutive modeling of hot deformation behavior of X20Cr13 martensitic stainless steel with strain effect, Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 24 (5) (2014) 1407–1413.
 
[13] W.X. Wu, L. Jin, J. Donga and W.J. Ding, Prediction of flow stress of Mg–Nd–Zn–Zr alloy during hot compression, Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 22(5) (2012) 1169–1175.
[14] M.Y. Zhan, Z. Chen, H. Zhang and W. Xia, Flow stress behavior of porous FVS0812 aluminum alloy during hot-compression, Mech. Res. Commun., 33 (2006) 508–514.
[15] H. Mirzadeh, J.M., Cabrera, J.M. Prado and A. Najafizadeh, Modeling and prediction of hot deformation flow curves, Metall. Mater. Trans., A 43 (2012) 108–123.
[16] H. Mirzadeh and A. Najafizadeh, Flow stress prediction at hot working conditions, Mater. Sci. Eng., A 527 (2010) 1160–1164.
[17] M. Rakhshkhorshid, Modeling the hot deformation flow curves of API X65 pipeline steel, Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol., 77 (2015) 203–210.
[18] A.K. Shukla, S.V.S. Narayana Murty, S.C. Sharma and K. Mondal, Constitutive modeling of hot deformation behavior of vacuum hot pressed Cu–8Cr–4Nb alloy, Materials and Design, 75 (2015) 57–64.
[19] Z. Akbari, H. Mirzadeh and J.M. Cabrera, A simple constitutive model for predicting flow stress of medium carbon microalloyed steel during hot deformation, Materials and Design 77 (2015) 126–131.
[20] G.R. Ebrahimi, A.R. Maldar, R. Ebrahimi and A. Davoodi, Effect of thermomechanical parameters on dynamically recrystallized grain size of AZ91 magnesium alloy, J. Alloys Compd., 509 (2011) 2703–2708.
[21] G.R. Ebrahimi, A.R. Maldar, R. Ebrahimi and A. Davoodi, Kovove Mater., 48 (2010) 277.
[22] L. Liu and H. Ding, J. Alloys Compd. 484 (2009) 949 –956.
[23] M. Rakhshkhorshid and S.H. Hashemi, Experimental study of hot deformation behavior in API X65 steel, Mater. Sci. Eng., A 573, (2013) 37–44.
[24] M. Shaban and B. Eghbali, Determination of critical conditions for dynamic recrystallization of a microalloyed steel, Mater. Sci. Eng., A 527 (2010) 4320–4325.
[25] E.I. Poliak and J.J. Jonas, A one-parameter approach to determining the critical conditions for the initiation of dynamic recrystallization, Acta Mater., 44 (1996) 127–136.
[26] Y.C. Lin, M.S. Chen and J. Zhang, Constitutive modeling for elevated temperature flow behavior of 42CrMo steel, Comp. Mater. Sci., 424 (2008) 470–477.
[27] S. Mandal, V. Rakesh, P.V. Sivaprasad, S. Venugopal and K.V. Kasiviswanathan, Constitutive equations to predict high temperature flow stress in a Ti-modified austenitic stainless steel, Mater. Sci. Eng., A 500 (2009) 114–121.

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics