Numerical Simulation and Evaluation of Effective Parameters During Cold Drawing of 410 Stainless Steel Tubes

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Materials Engineering, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Isfahan, Shahin shahr, Iran

2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Isfahan, Shahin Shahr, Iran

Abstract

This study evaluates the effects of the changing die angles on drawing force during cold drawing of a 410 stainless steel tube. For this purpose, a simulation of the process by the Abaqus software was performed and the results were compared with the experimental findings. By applying Johnson and Cook's equation the flow behavior of the steel was also assessed during cold drawing. Ring compression tests were performed to determine the coefficient of friction at die-tube and tube-plug interfaces. Furthermore, strain distribution during the process was considered to evaluate the mechanical behavior of the steel. An essential aspect of the work was to estimate the required drawing force, by lower and upper-bound theories. It is illustrated that the lowest drawing force is obtained at the half-die angle of 16°. At this angle a drawing force of 164.6 kN was estimated by simulation. Experimental results at the half-die angle of 16° indicated a drawing force of 175.1 kN which illustrates about 5% discrepancy with simulated results. In addition, the radial strains at this die angle had the highest value in comparison with the other half-die angles of 12 and 14 degrees. The highest amount of strain was observed in the axial direction of the drawing process at the half-die angle of 16°. The lowest values of residual stresses were developed at this die angle.

Keywords

References

[1]    M. Hatala, F. Botko, J. Peterka, P. Bella and P. Radic, Evaluation of strain in cold drawing of tubes with internally shaped surface, Materials Today: Proceedings, 22 (2) (2020) 287-292.
[2]    T. Furushima, T. Kishimoto, Achieving thin wall and high surface quality of magnesium alloy tubes in combined process of hollow sinking after die-less mandrel drawing, International Journal of Material Forming, 29 (2023).
[3]    M. Jafari, M. Hosseinzadeh. M. Elyasi, Optimization of tube drawing process through FE analysis, intelligent computation, and experimental verification, Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering, 232 (1) (2018) 94-107.
[4]    L. Donati, B. Reggiani, R. Pelaccia, M. Negozio, S. Di Donato, Advancements in extrusion and drawing: a review of the contributes by the ESAFORM community, International Journal of Material Forming, 41 (2022).
[5]    J.M. Dreze, N. Chobaut, Mischle, Miniaturized tube fixed plug drawing: Determination of the friction coefficients and drawing limit of 316 LVM stainless steel, Journal of Materials Processing Tech, 263 (2019) 396-407.
[6]    M. Palengat, G. Chagnon, D. Favier, H. Louche, C. Linardon, C. Plaideau, Cold drawing of 316l stainless steel thin-walled tubes: experiments and finite element analysis, International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 70 (2013) 69–78.
[7]    N.C. Linardon, D. Favier, B. Gruez, A conical mandrel tube drawing test designed to assess failure criteria, Journal of Materials Processing Tec, 214 (2014) 347-357.
[8]    F. Boutenel, M. Delhommeb, V. Velay, B. Boman, Finite element modelling of cold drawing for high-precision tubes, Comptes Rendus Mécanique, 346 (2018) 665–677.
[9]    M. Nekpal, M. Martinkovič, Determination of the coefficient of friction under cold tube drawing using FEM simulation and drawing force measurement, Research Papers Faculty of Materials Science and Technology Slovak University of Technology, 26 (2018) 29-34.
[10]    J. Gattmah, F. Ozturk, S. Orhan, Effects of the semi die/plug angles on cold tube drawing with a fixed plug by FEM for AISI 1010 steel tube, Published in 4th International Symposium on Innovative Technologies in Engineering and Science, 21 (2016) 886-892.
[11]    J.F. Beland, M. Fafard, A. D. Rahem, G. Amours, T. Cote, Optimization on the cold drawing process of 6063 aluminium tubes, Applied Mathematical Modelling, 35(11) (2011) 5302-5313.
[12]    K. Keun um, D. Nyung Lee, An upper bound solution of tube drawing, Applied Mathematical Modelling, 35(11) (2011) 5302-5313.
[13]    R.L. Mott, E.M. Vavrek, J. Wang, Machine elements in mechanical design, Pearson Education, 6 (2018).
[14]    G.R. Johnson, W. H. Cook, A constitutive model and data for metals subjected to large strains, high strain rates and high temperatures, Proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on Ballistics, (1983) 541-547.
[15]    K. Limbadri, H.N. Krishnamurthy, A. Maruthi Ram, N. Saibaba, Development of Johnson-Cook model for zircaloy-4 with low oxygen content, Materials Today: Proceedings, 4 (2017) 966-974.
[16]    E. Eduardo, J. Cabezas, Celentan, Experimental and numerical analysis of the tensile test using sheet specimens, Finite Elements in Analysis and Design, 40 (2004) 555-575.
[17]    W. Hosford, F. Caddle, Metal Forming Mechanics and Metallurgy, Cambridge University Press, New York, 2011.
[18]    B. Avitzur, C. J. Van Tyne, Ring forming: An upper bound approach, J. Eng. Ind. Trans. ASME, 104 (1982) 231-252.
[19]    T. Kuboki, K. Nishida, T. Sakaki, M. Murata, Effect of plug on levelling of residual stress in tube drawing, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 204 (2008) 162-168.
Iranian Journal of Materials Forming
Volume 10, Issue 3
July 2023
Pages 15-24

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics